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Migration flows in Mexico and their sensitivity to climate change

Por
Kerstin Schmidt-Verkerk (publicado en 2011-06-23 por yessicm2010 )
Países relacionados
Documento:
Publicado y/o Presentado en:
IV Congreso de la Red Internacional de Migración y Desarrollo. Crisis Global y Estrategias Migratorias: hacia la redefinición de las políticas de movilidad. 18, 19 y 20 de Mayo del 2001. Flacso-Quito, Ecuador.
Resumen:
Unlike existing studies into the nexus between climate change and migration, this paper analyses factors involved in migration decisions on the macro-, meso-, and micro-level, and tests them for their sensitivity to the local and global effects of climate change. The perceived livelihood stressors, which are potential drivers of migration but also of other livelihood strategies, are summarised in the categories small-scale and subsistence agriculture and foraging more difficult, "lack and decrease of employment opportunities", -decreasing purchasing power, and increased desires and aspirations. Furthermore, migration decisions are affected by the access to networks and recruiters, the availability of financial resources, the willingness and the perceived ability to migrate, and the perceived benefit of migration. The availability of alternative livelihood strategies and the employment situation at the destination also play a role in migration decisions. A matrix for each of the four observed migration flows illegal international, legal international, internal rural, and internal urban analysed the importance for migration decisions of each above mentioned factor as well as the climate sensitivity of these factors. It shows that climate change is likely to have a medium effect on migration in general, which is smallest for illegal international and highest for internal rural migration flows.